Tuesday, March 1, 2011

Comparisons of Single Cell Protein Sources

The interesting part on this topic is Anupama and Ravindra (2000) had come out with a table to compare the SCP from algae, fungi and bacteria. The parameters used by them to evaluate the ranking of SCP showing that nucleic acid from algae is safer than fungi and bacteria. Nucleic acid from fungi is much better than bacteria due to their low nucleic acid contents.  Therefore the ranking will be algae > fungi > bacteria.
The comparison chart shows the composition of SCP from the respective organisms.

Component
Percentage composition of weight
Algae
Fungi
Bacteria
True Protein
40-60a
30-70a
50-83a
Total nitrogen (Protein + nucleic acids)
45-65a
35-50a
60-80a
Lysin
4.6-7.0a
6.5-7.8a
4.3-5.8a
Methionine
1.4-2.6a
1.5-1.8a
2.2-3.0a
Fats/Lipids
5-10a
5-13a
8-10a
Carbohydrate
9
NA
NA
Bile pigments and Chlorophyll
6
NA
NA
Nucleic acids
4-6a
9.70
15-16a
Mineral acids
7
6.6
8.6
Amino acids
NA
54
65
Ash
3
NA
NA
Moisture
6.0
4.5-6.0a
2.8
Fiber
3
NA
NA
 a The yield varies with the type of substrate used, the specific organism used and the culture conditions maintained. NA - Not available
Sources : Brock, 1989; Frazier and Westhoff, 1990;  Powar and Daginawala, 1995; Ziino et al., 1999
Comparison of various parameters for SCP production from algae, fungi and bacteria



Parameter
Algae
Bacteria
Fungi (Yeast)
Fungi (Filamentous)
Growth Rate
Low
Highest
Quite High
Lower than bacteria and fungi
Substrate
Light, CO2
Wide  range
Wide range except CO2
Mostly lignocellulosic
pH range
upto 11
5-7
5-7
3-8
Cultivation
Ponds, bioreactors
Bioreactors
Bioreactors
Bioreactors
Contamination risks
High
Precautions needed
Low
Least if pH less than 5
S-containing amino acids
Low
Dificient
Dificient
Low
Nucleic acid removal
-
Required
Required
Required
Toxin
-
Endotoxin from gram –ve bacteria
-
Myotoxin in most species
Sources : Singh, 1998


References:
  1. Anupama, Ravindra, P. 2000. Value-added food: Single cell protein. Biotechnology advances, 18., 459-479.
By:
R. Tevan

3 comments:

  1. How toxicity analysis is performed for there new SCPs?

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  2. Very informative blog. I dont know much about SCP but its good to read the Comparisons of Single Cell Protein Sources. Now, I feel like I should read more about this topic,

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